Oil cooling device



y 9 4- I J. E. CHAPMAN 2,354,364 OIL COOLING DEVICE I I Filed Jan. 4, 1943 Egg 1 5 4O 52 Q2 65 64 78 66 :m "1 k)\\' 61 2. 75' 45 5 "51 26 58 I fl 69 4-5 51 67 47 4g} 49 as 70/ I 12 9 55 l 8 @0000 w G G 0 0 Q C, 11

ISnventor:

- JAM 5 5 CH PMA/Y,

Cltforncg.

' Patented July 25 1944 OIL COOLING DEVICE James E. Chapman, Los Angeles, -Calii'., assignor to The Garrett Corporation, Aireseareh Manw. lacturing Company division, Los' Angeles, Call! a corporation of California Application January 4, 1943, Serial No. 471,247

8 Claims. (Cl. 236-45) My invention relates to controls for oil coo ers and relates in particular to a control having especial utility with oil coolers which are used with aircraft engines to cool the crank case oil.

It is an object of the invention to provide a control means which will adjust an air valve, such as a flap or shutter in accordance with the'heat absorbing requirements of the cooler, and a further object of the invention is to provide a device of this character suitable for use under conditions wherein the air valve is spaced at some distance from the oil cooler and the part of the control device which is in direct association with the cooler.

A further object oi the' invention is to provide a device having a thermostat exposed to oil which has been cooled within the cooler, a control part moved through consecutive positions by the thermostat in accordance with changes in the temperature to which the thermostat is subjected and power means, including a motor (or moving the valve means through consecutive positions in accordance with the movement of the control p t.

It is afurther object o! the invention to provide an oil cooler control having a part which is moved in accordance with changes in temperature of oil which has been cooled in the cooler, or oil which has passed through or into a designated portion of the cooler, a second part which is moved in accordance with different positions of the closure element of the valve means, for example, in accordance with dlilerent positions of the shutter which controls the flow of air to the cooler, and means for moving the closure element of the valve means in consequence of and in accordance with the changes in relative positions of the first and second parts, whereby the closure means will be adjusted in accordance with the heat absorbing requirements of the cooler.

A further object of the invention is .to provide a device such as described in the foregoing parts of this specification, having control means responsive to pressure conditions within the oil cooler to accomplish movement of the closure of the air valve, which means may be arranged so as to override the normal temperature responsive control of the device.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be brought out in the following part of the specification.

Referring to the drawing which is for illustrative purposes only. I d

Fig. i is a sectional view of diagrammatic character, showing a preferred. form of my invention.

Fig. 2 is an electrical diagram of the invention.

In Fig. 1 I show the control device I mounted on the upper part of anoil cooler 6. I have shown only the upper portion of the oil cooler l for the reason that it may be of any known construction having a passage for the oil to be cooled and-tubes extending within or through this passage ior conducting a cooling medium in heat exchange relation to the oll. The oil cooler 6, the upper portion of which is shown in Fig. 1, has a shell 1 to which an attachment fitting is secured. This attachment fitting provides an oil inlet chamber 9 which communicates through an inlet port It in the shell 'I with the interior of the shell, a bypass chamber Ii and an outlet chamber I! which communicates through a port II with another portion 01' the interior oi the shell 1. The interior or the cooler shell is divided into passages or oil flow spaces by baifles, one of which is shown at I4, and air tubes iiare extended through the interior of the shell 1 so as to lie in heat exchange relation to the flow of oil through the passages therein. An outer wall I! is extended entirely around the exterior of the shell I from one side of the fitting 0 to the other,

thereby providing a warm-up passage or space II which communicates through a port It with the bypass chamber II and through the port 20 with the outlet'chan'iber l2.

As schematically shown in Fig. 1, there is a valve for controlling the flow of air through the tubes it of the cooler, such valve comprising a flap or' door 2|, hinged at 22 so that it may be swung between closed and open positions relative to an opening 23 in the wall structure of the aircraft, this .opening II being disposed in such relation to the cooler 8 that when the flap II is in open relation thereto, air will pass through the cooler, the position of the flap 1i controlling the volume of the air which passes through the cooler. The flap is moved by a motivating means or jack 24 which may be of the type shown in the copending application of George H. Gill, Serial -No. 431,967, flied February 23, 1942, for Flap operating means. It comprises a motor 25 which, through a reduction gear 28, drives a screw I1 having threaded engagement with a sleeve 20 which is connected to the flap 2i. As shown in Fig. 2, the motor 25 is of the split winding reversible type. and, as further shown in Fig. 2, the motor 2! drives a shalt 20 which in turn. through gears II, drives a flexible shaft 3!. This flexible shaft Ii extends to the shell 32 of the control device! and'is connected to a cam shown as a screw 33 having threaded engagement with an internally threaded pl n er 34 which moves back and forth in accordance with the forward and reverse rotation of the motor 25, and therefore in accordance with the opening and closing movement ,of the flap 21.

The screw 33 is rotatable in an opening 35 in the shell 32 and has thereon a flange 33 which prevents or limits axial movement of the screw. The screw 33 is held in operative position in the opening 35 by a plug 31 having a recess inthe outer end thereof to receive the end of the sheath .38 by which the flexible shaft 3| is covered. The

leftward end of the opening 35 contains the plunger34 and a key 33 is disposed in the opening 35 in a position to engage a keyway 43 in the plunger 34, thereby preventing rotation of the plunger 34, but permitting axial movement thereof.

Below the opening 35, the shell 32 is bored to provide a cylinder 4| in which a piston 42 is slidable, this piston having a stem 43 which extends through an opening in the inner end wall 44 of the cylinder 4!. The piston 42 is urged in rightward direction by a spring 45. The shell 32 has an inlet chamber 43 which communicates with the chamber 3, and which, through a small port 41, communicates with the rightward end of the cylinder 42. The shell 32 has an outlet chamber 43 which is in open communication with the outlet chamber 12 of the cooler and which communicates through a passage 43 with the leftward end of the cylinder 4|. Piping 53 is connected so as to deliver hot oil to be cooled into the inlet chamber 48, and piping 3| is provided in communication with the outlet chamber 48 to carry oflf oil which has been cooled. The casing 32 has a bypass port 52 to connect the inlet chamber 48 with the bypass chamber H of a fitting 8, this port 52 being normally closed by a bypass valve 53 urged upward into closed position by a spring 54. In the normal operation of the cooler, the hot oil iiows from the chamber 43 through the inlet chamber 3 and the inlet port lb of the cooler shell 1, as indicated by arrows 53. The oil to be cooled then passes through the spaces provided therefor in the interior of the shell 1, and, as indicated by arrows 3G, finally passes through the outlet port I3 and the chambers l2 and 48 to the return piping 5f the oil circulating system.

In passing through the chambers l2 and 43, the cooled oil contacts the lower end 31 of a I thermostat device 58 which is threaded through the upper wall of the chamber 43. This thermostat 58 has in the lower portion thereof a body 59 of expansible material such as wax having a relatively high coeflicient of expansion. A movable well such as a piston 33 engages the upper face of the expansible body 53 and is forced yieldably downward by means or a spring 3!. A substantially vertical llnk62 connects the piston 33 with the leftward end of a lever 33 which is supported by pivot means 64. The rightward portion 65 of the lever 63 is referred to as a part which moves forward and rearward in accordance with the change in the temperature of the oil which engages the lower end 5! of the thermo stat 58.

The unit shown in Fig. 1 has a second movable part 36 arranged in cooperative relation to the part 35. This movable part 66 is swingably supported on a pivot screw 61 disposed in its lower right hand corner, and a spring 83 acting in tension between a connection 33 and the lower end 13 of the member 33 urges the part upward from the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1, but the upward movement of the part 33 is limited by engagement of its upper rightward extremity 12 with the projecting end of the plunger 34. A control switch 13 is mounted in cooperative relation to the movable r irts 35 and 33. As shown in Fig. 1, it is preferably mounted on the control part 66 and comprises a central con tact spring 14 and upper and lower contacts 13 and 13 arranged in spaced relation to the central contact I4. These contacts l4, l5, and 13 are mounted on the movable part 33 by means of The manner in which the control switch 13 controls the operation of the motor 23 may be explained with relation to Fig. 2. A manual switch contact 18 is connected to the positive side of a power source, which may be the battery 19. This manual switch contact is shown connected through a conductor 33 with the contact 14. The contacts and 13 are respectively connected through conductors 3| and 32 with the front terminals of relays 33 and 34. The rear terminals of these relays 33 and 34 are connected through conductors 35 and 33 and limit switches 81 and 33 with a conductor 83 which is carried back to the negative side of the power source 13. The relays 33 and 34 have motor control contacts 33 and 3| which are connected to the positive pole of the power source 13 and stationary contacts 32 and 33 connected respectively through conductors 34 and 33 with the motor windings 33 and 31. When the contact 14 engages the contacts 13, the relay 33 will be energized and the circuit through the motor winding 33 will be closed so that the motor 23 will be operated to close the shutter 2|, and when the contact 14 engages the contact 13, the relay 34 will be energized so as to close the circuit which includes the motor winding 31, thereby operating the motor 23 so as to open the shutter 2!. Automatic control of the shutter through the switch 33 may be replaced by manual control. By movement of the manual contact 18', into engagement with the contact 0, current may be fed through a conductor 33 and a portion of the conductor 82 so as to energize the relay 34 which will cause operation of the motor in a direction to open the shutter 2|. Similarly, a movement of the manual contact 14 into engagement with the contact 0 will result in a flow of current through a conductor 33 and a portion of the conductor 3| to energize the relay 33 so that th motor 25 will be then operated to close the shutter 2|.

In Fig. 1 the cooperating parts are shown in positions which they assume during normal operation of the cooler. That is to say, the shutter 22 is in a normal position, for example, half open, and the positions of the movable parts and 63 are such that the switch contact 14 is held in a neutral position between the contacts 15 and 16. Should there be an increase in the temperature of the oil engaging the lower end of operative relation its open position, and at the same time, rotation of the flexible shaft 5| will cause a left hand rotation of the screw 33 so as to produce a leftward movement of the plunger 34 so as to rotate the part 66 downward or forward. This downward or forward movement of the part 58 will carry the contact I8 downward and out of engagement with the contact "I4, deenergizlng the motor 25 and stopping the opening movement of the shutter 2|. n the other hand, should there be a cooling of the oil which is brought into engagement with the lower portion of the thermostat 8. the movable part 85 will be swung rearward or upward, and the contact 14 will be permitted to swing upward into engagement with the con tact 15, to actuate the relay 83 and close the motor circuit through the winding 98, whereupon the motor will be operated in a direction to produce a closing movement of the shutter 21. At the same time, the flexible shaft 3| will rotate the screw 33 in clockwise direction so as to move the plunger 34 rightward and permit the part 55 to move upward or rearward in response to the pull of the spring 68, thus moving the contact l5 upward out of engagement with the contact 14. Should the interior of the cooler 5 drop to such low temperature as to produce a high back pressure in the inlet chamber 46; the pressure differential between the chambers :46 and 45 will lie-transmitted through the openings 41 and 43 to the opposite faces of the piston 42. The superior pressure against the rightward face of the piston 42 will move the same leftward against the pressure of the spring 45, and the stem 43 will engage the movable part 55 and rotate the same in anticlockwise direction, or, in other words, will impart forward movement to this movable part 65 so that it will be swung downward away from the part 55, permitting the contact 14 to swing upward into engagement with the contact 15, whereby the motor 25 will be energized so as to move the shutter 2| in a position to close the opening 23, thereby com pletely cutting off the flow of air through the core of the cooler 6 for the purpose of producing an immediate warming up of the interior of the coolerso as to reestablish a flow of hot oil therethrough. As soon as the flow through the cooler is restablished, the pressure differential acting upon the piston 42 will be reduced. permitting the piston 42 to move rightward out of engagement with the movable part 58, whereupon such movable part 58 will be swung upward by the spring 68 and the control of the motor 25 will be then taken over by the thermostat 55.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a control for an oil cooler having an oil passage for the flow of oil to be cooled and an adjacent passage for the flow of a cooling medium in heat exchange relation to said flow of oil, and valve means for reducing and increasing the flow of said cooling medium through said adjacent passage, the combination of: a thermostat exposed to changes in the temperature of said flow of oil; a part'moved forward in consequence of the warming of said thermostatand rearward in response to the cooling of said thermostat; a second part movably supported in coto said first part; means to move said second part forward in consequence of the opening moverrent of said valve means and rearward in consequence of the closing movement of said valve means; motor means operable by an opening flow of power to produce said opening movement of said valve means and operable by a closing flow of power to produce said closing movement of said valve means; power control means carried by one of said parts and operating in consequence of forward movement of said first part from a neutral position relatively to said second part to produce an opening flow of power to said motor means and to produce a closing flow of power to said motor means in consequence of the rearward movement of said first part from said neutral position relatively to said second part; and means operating in consequence of the building up of an excess oil pressure in said oil passage of said cooler to move said second part forward from said neutral position whereby said power control means will be actuated to produce a closing flow of power to said motor means.

I 2. In a control for an oil cooler having an oil passage for the flow of oil to be cooled and an adjacent passage for the flow of a cooling medium in heat exchange relation to said flow of oil, and valve means for reducing and increasing the flow of said cooling medium through said adjacent passage, the combination of a thermostat exposed to changes in the temperature of said flow of oil; a part moved forward in consequence of the warming of said thermostat and rearward in response to the cooling of said thermostat; a second part movably supported in cooperative relation to said first part; means tomove said second part forward in consequence of the opening movement of said valve means and rearward in consequence of the closing movement of said valve means; motor means operable by an opening flow of power to produce said opening movement of said valve means and operable by a closing flow of power to produce said closing movement of said valve means; power control means operating in consequence of forward movement of said first part from a neutral position relatively to said second part to produce an opening flow of power to said motor means and to produce a closing flow of power to said motor means in consequence of the rearward movement of said first part from said neutral position relatively to said second part; and means operating in consequence of the building up of an excess oil pressure in said oil passage of said cooler to move said second part forward from said neutral position whereby said power control means will be actuated to produce a closing flow of power to said motor means.

3. In a control for an oil cooler having an oil passage for the flow of oil to be cooled and an adjacent passage for the flow of a cooling medium in heat exchange relation to said flow of oil, andvalve means for reducing and increasing the flow of said cooling medium through said adjacent passage, the combination of: a thermostate exposed to changes in the temperature of said flow of oil; a part moved forward .in consequence of the warming of said thermostat and rearward in response to the cooling of said thermostat; a second part m'ovably supported in cooperative relation to said iirstpart; means to move said second part forward in consequence of the opening movement of said valve means and rearward in consequence of the closing operable by an opening flow of power to produce said opening movement of said valve means and operable by a closing now 01' power to produce said closing movement of said valve means; power control means operating in consequence 01 forward movement of said first part from a neutral position relatively to said second part to produce an opening flow of power to said motor means and to produce a closing flow of power to said motor means in consequence of the rearward movement of said first part from said neutral position relatively to said second part; and means operating in consequence of the building up of an excess oil pressure in said oil passage of said cooler to produce a relative movement of said first and second parts wherein said first part will be rearward of a neutral position relative to said second part whereby said power control means will be actuated to produce a closing flow of power to said motor means.

. 4. In a control for an oil cooler having an oil passage for the flow of oil to be cooled and an adjacent passage for the flow of a cooling medium in heat exchange relation to said flow or oil, and valve means for reducing and increasing the flow of said cooling medium through said adjacent passage, the combination of: a thermostat exposed to changes in the temperature of said flow of oil; a part moved forward in consequence of the warming oi. said thermostat and rearward in response to the cooling of said thermostat; a second part movably supported in 00- operative relation to said first part; rotation transmitting means connected to said motor means so as to be rotated in one direction as said motor means imparts opening movement to said valve means and in the opposite direction assaid motor means imparts closing movement to said valve means; cam means rotated by said rotation transmitting means, said cam means having an element engaging said second part so as to move said second part forward in consequence of the opening movement of said valve means and rearward in consequence of the closing movement of said valve means; motor means operable by an opening flow of power to produce said opening movement of said valve meansand operable by a closing flow Of power to produce said closing movement of said valve means; power control means carried by one of said parts and operating in consequence of forward movement of said first part from a neutral position relatively to said second part to produce an opening flow of power to said motor means and to produce a closing flow of power to said motor means in consequence of the rearward movement of said first part from said neutral position relatively to said second part; and means operatingin consequence of the building up of an excess oil pressure in said oil passage of said cooler to move said second part forward from said neutrai position whereby said power control means will be actuated to produce a closing flow of power to said motor means.

5. In a control for an oil cooler having an oil passage for the flow of oil to be cooled and an adjacent passage for the flow of a cooling medium in heat exchange relation to said flow of oil, and valve means for reducing and increasing the now of said cooling medium through said adjacent passage, the combination 01': a thermostat exposed to changes in the temperature oi. said flow of oil; a part moved forward in consequence of the warming of said thermostat and rearward in response to the cooling of said movement of said valve means; motor'means thermostat; a second part movably supported in cooperative relation to said first part; rotation transmitting means connected to said motor means so as to be rotated in one direction as said motor means imparts opening movement to said valve means and in the opposite direction as said motor means imparts closing movement to said valve means; cam means rotated by said rotation transmitting means, said cam means having an element engaging said second part so as to move said second part forward in consequence of the opening movement of said valve means and rearward in consequence of the closing movement of said valve means; motor means operable by an opening flow of power to produce said opening movement of said valve means and operable by a closing flow of power to produce said closing movement of said valve means; power control means operating in consequence of forward movement of said first part from a neutral position relatively to said second part to produce an opening flow of power to said motor means and to produce a closing flow of power to said motor means in consequence of the rearward movement of said first part from said neutral position relatively to said second part: and means operating in consequence of the building up of an'excess oil pressure in said oil passage oi. said cooler to move said second part forward from said neutral position whereby said power control means will be actuated to produce a closing flow of power to said motor means.

6. In a control for an oil cooler having an oil passage for the flow of oil to be cooled and an adjacent passage for the flow of a cooling medium in heat exchange relation to said flow of oil, and valve means for reducing and increasing the flow of said cooling medium through said adjacent passage. the combination oi: a thermostat exposed to changes in the temperature of said flow of oil; a part moved forward in consequence of the warming of said thermostat and rearward in response to the cooling of said thermostat; a second part movably supported in cooperative relation to said first part; rotation transmitting means connected to said motor means so as to be rotated in one direction assaid motor means imparts opening movement to said valve means and in the opposite direction as said motor means imparts closing movement in said valve means; cam means rotated by said rotation transmitting means, said cam means having an element engaging said second part so as to move said second part forward in consequence of the opening movement of said valve means and rearward in consequence of the closing movement of said valve means; motor means operable by an opening flow of power to produce said opening movement of said valve means and operable by a closing flow of power to produce said closing movement said neutral position relatively to said second part; an expansible fluid receiving member connected to the inlet portion of said cooler so as to receive oil under pressure therefrom, said expansible member having a wall which is moved in response to an excess pressure in said oil such as occurs when oil congeals within the cooler; and means for transmitting movement from said wall to said second member to move said second member.in forward direction from said neutral position.

7.1:; a control for, an oil cooler having an oil passage for the flow of oil to be cooled and an adjacent passage for the flow of a cooling medium in heat exchange relation to said flow of oil, and valve means for reducing and increasing the flow of said cooling medium through said adjacentpassage, the combination of: a thermostat exposed to changes in the temperature of said flow of oil; a part moved forward in consequence of the warming of said thermostat and rearward in response to the cooling of said thermostat; a second part movably supported in cooperative relation to said first part; flexible shaft connected to said motor means so as to be rotated in one direction as said motor means imparts opening movement to said valve means and in the opposite direction as said motor means imparts closing movement to said valve means; a screw rotated by said flexible shaft; means to limit axial movement of said screw; a threaded element engaged by said screw so as to be movedback and forth thereby, said element engaging said second part so as to move said second part forward in consequence of the opening movement of said valve means and rearward in consequence of the closing movement of said valve means; motor means operable by an opening flow of power to produce said opening movement of said valve means and operable by a closing flow of power to produce said closing movement of said valve means; power control means operating in consequence of forward movement of said first part from a neutral position relatively to said second part to produce an opening flow of power to said motor means and to produce a closing flow of power to said motor means in consequence of the rearward movement of said first part from said neutral position relatively to said second part; means operating in consequence of the building up of an excess oil pressure in said oil passage of said cooler to move said second part forward from said neutral position whereby said power control means will be actuated to produce a closing ilow of power to said motor means:

and spring means urging said second part rear-,

ward so that it will be held in engagement with said threaded element.

8. In a control for an oil cooler having an oil passage for the flow of oil to be cooled and an adjacent passage for the flow of a cooling medium in heat exchange relation to said flow of oil, and valve means for reducing and increasing the flow of said cooling medium through said adjacent passage, the combination of: 'a thermostat exposed to changes in the temperature of said flow of oil; a part moved forward in consequence of the warming of said thermostat and rearward in response to the cooling of said thermostat; a second part movably supported in cooperative relation to said first part; a flexible shaft connected to said motor means so as to be rotated in one direction as said motor means imparts opening movement to said valve means and in the opposite direction as said motor means imparts closing movement to said valve means; a screw rotated by said flexible shaft; means to limit axial movement of said screw; a threaded element engaged by said screw so as to be moved back and forth thereby, said element engaging said second part so as to move said second part forward in consequence of the opening movement of said valve means and rearward in conse-- quence of the closing movement of said valve means; motor means operable by an opening flow of power to produce said opening movement of said valve means and operable by a closing flow of power to produce said closing movement of said valve means; power control means carried by one of said parts and operating in consequence of forward movement of said first part from a neutral position relatively to said second part to produce an opening flow of powerto said motor means and to produce a closing flow of power to said motor means in consequence of th rearward movement 'of said first part from said neutral position relatively to said second part; an expansible fluid receiving member connected to the inlet portion of said cooler so as to receive oil under pressure therefrom, said expansible member having a wall which is moved in response to an excess pressure in said oil such as occurs when oil eongeals within the cooler; means for transmitting movement from said wall to said second member to move said second'member in forward direction from said neutral position; and spring means urging said second part rearward so that it will be held in engagement with said threaded element.

- JAMES E. CHAPMAN. 

